Exploring research trends in sustainable mountain and rural tourism (SMRT): A bibliometric study with biblioshiny and VOSviewer
Published online: 19 Apr 2026
Abstract
Purpose – This study aims to analyse the development and trends of sustainable mountain and rural tourism research from 1990 to 2025, with a focus on identifying key themes, influential contributors, and emerging directions in the literature.
Methodology/Design/Approach – The study employs a bibliometric analysis of Scopus-indexed publications, utilizing tools such as VOSviewer and Biblioshiny to map research clusters, authorship patterns, and geographic distributions.
Findings – The results indicate that countries such as China, Spain, United Kingdom, and Italy are leading contributors to the field. Key research themes include socioeconomic empowerment, gender dynamics, rural demographic change, and sustainable tourism development. The findings also highlight a growing emphasis on balancing economic growth with environmental conservation, driven by increasing demand for nature-based tourism linked to health awareness and urban stress.
Originality/Value – This study provides a comprehensive synthesis of sustainable mountain and rural tourism research, offering insights into evolving academic trends and future research directions. It underscores the importance of integrating community participation, policy innovation, and environmental stewardship to support resilient economies, ecosystem sustainability, and cultural heritage preservation.
References
Ali, I., & Gölgeci, I. (2019). Where is supply chain resilience research heading? A systematic and co-occurrence analysis. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 49(8), 793–815. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-02-2019-0038 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-02-2019-0038
Almasov, N., & Orujov, E. (2025). Organizational and economic aspects of mountain tourism management. BIO Web of Conferences, 151, 03015. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202515103015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202515103015
Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). Bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
Bhatt, K., Seabra, C., Kabia, S. K., Ashutosh, K., & Gangotia, A. (2022). COVID crisis and tourism sustainability: An insightful bibliometric analysis. Sustainability, 14(19), 12151. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912151 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912151
Bisht, A., Kumar, V., Thakur, V., & Rana, R. (2025). Sustainable tourism management: Challenges and strategic solutions for a resilient industry. International Journal of Tourism and Hotel Management, 7(1), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.22271/27069583.2025.v7.i1a.124 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/27069583.2025.v7.i1a.124
Bozok, D., Kılıç, S. N., & Özdemir, S. S. (2017). Bibliometric analysis of rural tourism on tourism literature. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(1), 187. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i1.4274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i1.4274
Choudhary, V., Nag, A., Kumar, A., & Kumar, V. (2024). Wetland tourism: A bibliometric analysis (1985–2022). Journal of Tourismology. https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2024.10.2.1444196 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2024.10.2.1444196
Cronjé, D. F., & du Plessis, E. (2020). A review on tourism destination competitiveness. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 256–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.06.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.06.012
Dax, T., & Tamme, O. (2023). Attractive landscape features as drivers for sustainable mountain tourism experiences. Tourism and Hospitality, 4(3), 374–389. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp4030023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp4030023
Dhungana, B. R. (2024). Impact of sustainable mountain tourism on economic development: A systematic review. Journal of Tourism and Himalayan Adventures, 7, 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/jtha.v7i1.80870
Dhungana, B. R. (2024). Tourism policy for sustainable mountain tourism: A systematic literature review. Journal of Tourism and Himalayan Adventures, 6(1), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.3126/jtha.v6i1.67390 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/jtha.v6i1.67390
Dobre, C., Linca, A. C., Toma, E., & Iorga, A. (2024). Sustainable development of rural mountain tourism: Insights from consumer behavior and profiles. Sustainability, 16(21), 9449. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16219449 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16219449
Ferreira, J., Silvério, A. C., Vaz, M., & Fernandes, P. O. (2023). The relationship between rural tourism, sustainable tourism and outdoor activities: A systematic literature review. In Perspectives and trends in education and technology (pp. 597–608). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6585-2_53 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6585-2_53
Higham, J., & Miller, G. (2018). Transforming societies and transforming tourism: Sustainable tourism in times of change. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2018.1407519 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2018.1407519
Kalipçi, M. B. (2024). Exploring the nexus of tourism and technology acceptance: A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 12(1), 29–41. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2024.1367 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2024.1367
Kumar, A., Nag, A., Kumar, V., & Sharma, P. (2025). Gastronomy tourism in Himachal Pradesh: A sustainable approach to community empowerment and cultural preservation. In Global sustainable practices in gastronomic tourism (pp. xx–xx). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-7096-4.ch020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-7096-4.ch020
Lane, B. (1994). Sustainable rural tourism strategies: A tool for development and conservation. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2(1–2), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589409510687 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589409510687
Lane, B. (1994). What is rural tourism? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2(1–2), 7–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589409510680 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589409510680
Lane, B., & Kastenholz, E. (2015). Rural tourism: The evolution of practice and research approaches—Towards a new generation concept? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(8–9), 1133–1156. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1083997 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1083997
Lun, L. M., Pechlaner, H., & Volgger, M. (2016). Rural tourism development in mountain regions: Identifying success factors, challenges and potentials. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality and Tourism, 17(4), 389–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2015.1096754 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2015.1096754
Mitra, A., & Paul, S. (2025). Balancing mountain tourism, cultural heritage, and environmental stability. In Balancing mountain tourism, cultural heritage, and environmental stability (pp. 31–54). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8764-1.ch003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8764-1.ch003
Mohamed Al Matris, A. (2023). The challenges of rural tourism development. International Journal of Eco-Cultural Tourism, Hospitality Planning and Development, 6(2), 29–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/ijecth.2024.299367.1005
Nag, A., Kumar, V., Choudhary, V., Bhanu, U., Sharma, A., & Kapoor, N. (2025). Sustainable tourism in Ladakh: Balancing culture, economic growth, and environmental preservation through homestays. In Global practices and innovations in sustainable homestay tourism (pp. xx–xx). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-0427-4.ch014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-0427-4.ch014
Nag, A., Kumar, V., Choudhary, V., Kumar, A., & Sharma, R. (2024). Nurturing nature and local well-being in the hills of Himachal Pradesh: Transformation through eco and sustainable tourism practices. In Managing tourism and hospitality sectors for sustainable global transformation (pp. xx–xx). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6260-0.ch011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6260-0.ch011
Ng, S. L. (2022). Bibliometric analysis of literature on mountain tourism in Scopus. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 40, 100587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2022.100587 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2022.100587
Okazaki, E. (2008). A community-based tourism model: Its conception and use. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(5), 511–529. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802159594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802159594
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 89. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01626-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31222/osf.io/v7gm2
Pahlevan-Sharif, S., Mura, P., & Wijesinghe, S. N. R. (2019). A systematic review of systematic reviews in tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 39, 158–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.04.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.04.001
Passas, I. (2024). Bibliometric analysis: The main steps. Encyclopedia, 4(2), 1014–1025. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia4020065 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia4020065
Rosalina, P. D., Dupre, K., & Wang, Y. (2021). Rural tourism: A systematic literature review on definitions and challenges. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 47, 134–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.03.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.03.001
Sanagustín Fons, M. V., Fierro, J. A. M., & Patiño, M. G. (2011). Rural tourism: A sustainable alternative. Applied Energy, 88(2), 551–557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.08.031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.08.031
Sharma, V., Nag, P. A., & Kumar, V. (2025). Assessing the role of government support in promoting cultural entrepreneurship in Himachal Pradesh. International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies, 13(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.61161/ijarcsms.v13i1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61161/ijarcsms.v13i1.1
Sims, R. (2009). Food, place and authenticity: Local food and the sustainable tourism experience. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(3), 321–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802359293 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802359293
Suherlan, A., & Cheer, J. M. (2024). Stakeholders’ perception, determinant factors, and impacts of sustainable rural tourism: A literature review. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1366(1), 012042. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1366/1/012042 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1366/1/012042
Tang, M., & Xu, H. (2023). Cultural integration and rural tourism development: A scoping literature review. Tourism and Hospitality, 4(1), 75–90. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp4010006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp4010006
Tsilika, K. (2023). Exploring the Contributions to Mathematical Economics: A Bibliometric Analysis Using Bibliometrix and VOSviewer. Mathematics, 11(22), 4703. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11224703 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/math11224703
Uhai, S., Rizani, A., Parwati, K. S. M., Syaiful, M., & Amir, F. L. (2024). Rural tourism development and its impact on community economic welfare: A bibliometric analysis. Sciences du Nord Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(2), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.58812/snhss.v1i2.24 DOI: https://doi.org/10.58812/snhss.v1i2.24
Wijijayanti, T., Salleh, N. H. M., Hashim, N. A., Mohd Saukani, M. N., & Abu Bakar, N. (2023). The feasibility of rural tourism in fostering real sustainable development in host communities. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 46(1), 336–345. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.46137-1031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.46137-1031
Yang, J., Yang, R., Chen, M. H., Su, C. H., Zhi, Y., & Xi, J. (2021). Effects of rural revitalization on rural tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 47, 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.02.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.02.008
License
Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Borneo Novelty Publishing

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Permission is granted subject to the terms of the License under which the work was published. Permission will be required if your reuse is not covered by the terms of the License.